Author: Himanshi, LL. M, Bhagat Phool Singh Women University, Khanpur, Kalan, Sonepat
ABSTRACT
The judiciary in India plays a crucial role in safeguarding the rights of prisoners, ensuring that justice is upheld within the correctional system. The Constitution of India, through Articles 14, 21, and 22, establishes fundamental rights that protect individuals, including those incarcerated. The Supreme Court and various High Courts have actively interpreted these provisions to enhance the legal safeguards for prisoners, addressing issues such as inhumane treatment, overcrowding, and access to legal representation.
Landmark judgments have reinforced the principle that prisoners retain certain fundamental rights despite their incarceration. The judiciary has consistently advocated for humane treatment, ruling against torture and degrading conditions in prisons. The court has also emphasized the importance of timely trials, acknowledging that prolonged detention without trial violates the right to life and personal liberty.
Additionally, the judiciary has played a significant role in promoting prison reforms, urging the government to implement measures that align with international human rights standards. Through Public Interest Litigations (PILs), the judiciary has been instrumental in addressing systemic issues within the prison infrastructure, highlighting the need for better living conditions, healthcare, and rehabilitation programs for inmates.
Moreover, the judiciary’s proactive stance has encouraged the establishment of legal aid mechanisms, ensuring that even the most marginalized prisoners have access to legal representation. This protective role of the judiciary not only enhances the dignity of prisoners but also reinforces the rule of law and democratic values in society.
In conclusion, the Indian judiciary serves as a vital guardian of prisoners’ rights, balancing the need for justice with humane treatment, and advocating for systemic reforms to uphold the dignity and rights of incarcerated individuals.
Keywords: Judiciary, Prisoners’ Rights, Human Rights, Legal Reforms, India.
